Brain Tumours

• Different types of brain tumour
• Brain Tumors may be benign tumours and primary malignant tumours.

The following is a brief description of the main types.

• Meningioma
• Meningiomas are usually benign. They arise from cells in the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain).
  

Medulloblastoma :

• These arise in the cerebellum and are high grade malignant tumours. They are uncommon in adults, but are one of the most common brain tumours in children

Gliomas:

These are malignant primary brain tumours that arise from glial cells.There are various types, depending on the cell of origin. For example:

• Astrocytomas (originating from astrocyte cells.)
  There are various types of astrocytoma. They include:
• Low-grade astrocytomas.
•  Anaplastic astrocytoma. This is a high-grade tumour.
• Glioblastoma multiforme. This is a high grade tumour which tends to grow quite quickly. It is the commonest type of primary malignant brain tumour in adults.
• Oligodendrogliomas (originating from oligodendrocytes). These can vary in their grade.
• Ependymoma (originating from ependymal cells). These are rare, but are usually low grade.

Pituitary Tumours:

There are various types of tumour which arise from the different cells in the pituitary gland. They tend to be benign. However, the cells of the tumour may produce large quantities of hormones which can cause various symptoms.

As they grow, they may also cause pressure symptoms. The optic nerves (the nerves of sight) are near to the pituitary and so a growing pituitary gland tumour may press on an optic nerve and affect vision.

Acoustic Neuroma (schwannoma):

This is a benign tumour which arises from schwann cells which cover the nerve that goes to the ear. Symptoms can include deafness on the affected side and vertigo.

Other:
There are various other rare types of benign and primary malignant brain tumours.

What is metastatic brain cancer?

Metastatic brain cancer is a mass of cells that originated in another body organ and has spread into the brain tissue. Metastatic tumors in the brain are more common than primary brain tumors

What are the symptoms and signs of brain cancer?

Although there are few early signs, the most common symptoms of brain cancer are weakness, difficulty walking, seizures, and headaches.

Other common symptoms are nausea, vomiting, blurry vision, or a change in a person’s alertness, mental capacity, memory, speech, or personality.

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